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CHAPTER 33 EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS material terminals shall conform to the provisions of NFPA
SECTION 3301 3301.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter shall govern the 3301.1.3 Fireworks. The possession, manufacture, storage,
possession, manufacture, storage, handling, sale and use of
sale, handling and use of fireworks are prohibited. explosives, explosive materials, fireworks and small arms
Exceptions:
ammunition. The manufacture, storage, handling, sale and useof fireworks are governed by Chapter 70.77 RCW and by
1. Storage and handling of fireworks as allowed in
Exceptions:
((2. Manufacture, assembly and testing of fireworksas allowed in Section 3305.))
1. The Armed Forces of the United States, Coast Guard
((3))2. The use of fireworks for fireworks displays asallowed in Section 3308.
2. Explosives in forms prescribed by the official United
((4. The possession, storage, sale, handling and use ofspecific types of Division 1.4G fireworks where
3. The possession, storage and use of small arms ammu-
allowed by applicable laws, ordinances and regula-
nition when packaged in accordance with DOTn
tions, provided such fireworks comply with CPSC 16
CFR, Parts 1500 and 1507, and DOTn 49 CFR, Parts
4. The possession, storage and use of not more than 1
pound (0.454 kg) of commercially manufacturedsporting black powder, 20 pounds (9 kg) of smokeless
3301.1.4 Rocketry. The storage, handling and use of model
powder and 10,000 small arms primers for hand load-
and high-power rockets shall comply with the requirements
ing of small arms ammunition for personal consump-
of NFPA 1122, NFPA 1125 and NFPA 1127.
tion. For the purposes of this code, the term “for
Manufacturing and firing of model rockets is prohibited.
personal consumption” means for use by private indi-viduals and not for resale.
Display of model rocket motors shall be in accordance
5. The use of explosive materials by federal, state and
local regulatory, law enforcement and fire agencies
A permit is not required for model rocket motors stored in
acting in their official capacities.
Group R-3 occupancies meeting the requirements of NFPA1122, 1125 and 1127 and in accordance with the United
6. Special industrial explosive devices which in the
States Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explo-
aggregate contain less than 50 pounds (23 kg) of
3301.1.5 Ammonium nitrate. The storage and handling of
7. The possession, storage and use of blank indus-
ammonium nitrate shall comply with the requirements of
trial-power load cartridges when packaged in accor-
dance with DOTn packaging regulations.
8. Transportation in accordance with DOTn 49 CFR
Exception: Storage of ammonium nitrate in magazines
with blasting agents shall comply with the requirementsof NFPA 495.
9. Items preempted by federal regulations. 3301.2 Permit required. Permits shall be required as set forth
10. Explosive material, fireworks, pyrotechnic special
in Section 105.6 and regulated in accordance with this section.
effect material and small arms ammunition located atpermitted marine terminals in accordance with
3301.2.1 Residential uses. No person shall keep or store,
Administrative Rule 27.01.09, Marine Terminals and
nor shall any permit be issued to keep or store, any explo-
any future revisions of this rule adopted by the firesives at any place of habitation, or within 100 feet (30 480
3301.1.1 Explosive material standard. In addition to the Exception: Storage of smokeless propellant, black pow-
requirements of this chapter, NFPA 495 shall govern the
der and small arms primers for personal use and not for
manufacture, transportation, storage, sale, handling and use
resale in accordance with Section 3306.
of explosive materials. See also Chapter 70.74 RCW and
3301.2.2 Sale and retail display. No person shall construct
a retail display nor offer for sale explosives, explosive mate-3301.1.2 Explosive material terminals. In addition to the rials or fireworks upon highways, sidewalks, public prop-
requirements of this chapter, the operation of explosive
erty or in Group A or E occupancies. 2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS 3301.2.3 Permit restrictions. The fire code official is
ucts of their use more hazardous, when subjected for 48
authorized to limit the quantity of explosives, explosive
consecutive hours or less to a temperature of 167°F
materials or fireworks permitted at a given location. No per-
son, possessing a permit for storage of explosives at any
7. New explosive materials until approved by DOTn,
place, shall keep or store an amount greater than authorized
except that permits are allowed to be issued to educa-
in such permit. Only the kind of explosive specified in such a
tional, governmental or industrial laboratories for
3301.2.4 Financial responsibility. Before a permit is
8. Explosive materials condemned by DOTn.
issued, as required by Section 3301.2, ((the applicant shallfile with the jurisdiction a corporate surety bond in the prin-
9. Explosive materials containing an ammonium salt and
cipal sum of $100,000 or a public liability insurance policy
for the same amount, for the purpose of the payment of all
10. Explosives not packed or marked as required by DOTn
damages to persons or property which arise from, or are
caused by, the conduct of any act authorized by the permitupon which any judicial judgment results. The fire code offi-Exception: Gelatin dynamite. cial is authorized to specify a greater or lesser amount when,
3301.3.2 Prohibited activities. The following activities are
in his or her opinion, conditions at the location of use indi-
cate a greater or lesser amount is required. Government enti-
1. The manufacture, assembly and testing of explosives,
ties shall be exempt from this bond requirement.))liability
ammunition, blasting agents and fireworks.
insurance in accordance with Section 105.3.7 of this codeshall be obtained. Exceptions: 3301.2.4.1 Blasting. Before approval to do blasting is
1. The hand loading of small arms ammunition
issued, the applicant for approval shall file a bond or sub-
prepared for personal use and not offered for
mit a certificate of insurance in such form, amount and
coverage as determined by the legal department of the
2. The mixing and loading of blasting agents at
jurisdiction to be adequate in each case to indemnify the
blasting sites in accordance with NFPA 495.
jurisdiction against any and all damages arising from
3. The use of binary explosives or phosphoric
materials in blasting or pyrotechnic special
((3301.2.4.2 Fireworks display. The permit holder shall
furnish a bond or certificate of insurance in an amount
deemed adequate by the fire code official for the payment
2. The storage of explosive materials for more than 24
of all potential damages to a person or persons or to prop-
hours unless under permit from the Seattle Fire
erty by reason of the permitted display, and arising from
any acts of the permit holder, the agent, employees orsubcontractors.))
3. The construction of Class 1 magazines. 3301.3 Prohibited explosives and activities. 3301.4 Qualifications. Persons in charge of magazines, blast- ing, fireworks display or pyrotechnic special effect operations 3301.3.1 Prohibited explosives. Permits shall not be issued
shall not be under the influence of alcohol or drugs which
or renewed for possession, manufacture, storage, handling,
impair sensory or motor skills, shall be at least 21 years of age
sale or use of the following materials and such materials cur-
and shall demonstrate knowledge of all safety precautions
rently in storage or use shall be disposed of in an approved
related to the storage, handling or use of explosives, explosive3301.5 Supervision. The fire code official is authorized to
2. Dynamite containing more than 60-percent liquid
require operations permitted under the provisions of Section
3301.2 to be supervised at any time by the fire code official inorder to determine compliance with all safety and fire regula-
3. Dynamite having an unsatisfactory absorbent or one
that permits leakage of a liquid explosive ingredientunder any conditions liable to exist during storage. 3301.6 Notification. Whenever a new explosive material stor- age or manufacturing site is established, including a temporary
4. Nitrocellulose in a dry and uncompressed condition in
job site, the local law enforcement agency, fire department and
a quantity greater than 10 pounds (4.54 kg) of net
local emergency planning committee shall be notified 48 hours
in advance, not including Saturdays, Sundays and holidays, of
5. Fulminate of mercury in a dry condition and fulminate
the type, quantity and location of explosive materials at the site.
of all other metals in any condition except as a compo-
3301.7 Seizure. The fire code official is authorized to remove
nent of manufactured articles not hereinafter forbid-
or cause to be removed or disposed of in an approved manner,
at the expense of the owner, explosives, explosive materials or
6. Explosive compositions that ignite spontaneously or
fireworks offered or exposed for sale, stored, possessed or used
undergo marked decomposition, rendering the prod-
2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS 3301.8 Establishment of quantity of explosives and dis-
weight for Division 1.1 distance determination. tances. The quantity of explosives and distances shall be in
See Table 3304.5.2(1), 3304.5.2(2) or 3305.3, as
accordance with Sections 3301.8.1 and 3301.8.1.1. 3301.8.1 Quantity of explosives. The quantity-distance
3. When Division 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 explosives are
(Q-D) tables in Sections 3304.5 and 3305.3 shall be used to
located in the same site, determine the distances
provide the minimum separation distances from potential
for the total quantity considered first as 1.1, next
explosion sites as set forth in Tables 3301.8.1(1) through
as 1.2 and finally as 1.3. The required distance is
3301.8.1(3). The classification and the weight of the explo-
the greatest of the three. As allowed by para-
sives are primary characteristics governing the use of these
graphs 1 and 2 above, TNT equivalent weights
tables. The net explosive weight shall be determined in
for 1.2 and 1.3 items are allowed to be used to
accordance with Sections 3301.8.1.1 through 3301.8.1.4.
determine the net weight of explosives for Divi-sion 1.1 distance determination. Table
3301.8.1.1 Mass-detonating explosives. The total net
3304.5.2(1) or 3305.3 shall be used when TNT
explosive weight of Division 1.1, 1.2 or 1.5 explosives
equivalency is used to establish the net explosive
shall be used. See Table 3304.5.2(1) or Table 3305.3 as
4. For composite pyrotechnic items Division 1.1
Exception: When the TNT equivalence of the explo-
and Division 1.3, the sum of the net weights of
sive material has been determined, the equivalence is
the pyrotechnic composition and the explosives
allowed to be used to establish the net explosive
involved shall be used. See Tables 3304.5.2(1)
3301.8.1.2 Nonmass-detonating explosives (exclud- 3301.8.1.4 Moderate fire—no blast hazards. Divi- ing Division 1.4). Nonmass-detonating explosives shall
sion 1.4 explosives. The total weight of the explosivematerial alone is the net weight. The net weight of the
1. Division 1.3 propellants. The total weight of the
explosive material shall be used.
propellants alone shall be the net explosive weight. The net weight of propellant shall be used. SeeTable 3304.5.2(2). SECTION 3302
2. Combinations of bulk metal powder and pyrotech-
DEFINITIONS
nic compositions. The sum of the net weights ofmetal powders and pyrotechnic compositions in
3302.1 Definitions. The following words and terms shall, for
the containers shall be the net explosive weight.
the purposes of this chapter and as used elsewhere in this
code, have the meanings shown herein. 3301.8.1.3 Combinations of mass-detonating and AMMONIUM NITRATE. A chemical compound repre- nonmass-detonating explosives (excluding Division 1.4). Combination of mass-detonating and nonmass-det- onating explosives shall be as follows: BARRICADE. A structure that consists of a combination of walls, floor and roof, which is designed to withstand the
1. When Division 1.1 and 1.2 explosives are located
rapid release of energy in an explosion and which is fully
in the same site, determine the distance for the total
confined, partially vented or fully vented; or other effective
quantity considered first as 1.1 and then as 1.2. The
method of shielding from explosive materials by a natural or
required distance is the greater of the two. When
the Division 1.1 requirements are controlling andthe TNT equivalence of the 1.2 is known, the TNT
Artificial barricade. An artificial mound or revetment a
equivalent weight of the 1.2 items shall be allowed
minimum thickness of 3 feet (914 mm).
to be added to the total explosive weight of Divi-sion 1.1 items to determine the net explosiveNatural barricade. Natural features of the ground, such
weight for Division 1.1 distance determination.
as hills, or timber of sufficient density that the surround-
See Table 3304.5.2(2) or Table 3305.3 as appro-
ing exposures that require protection cannot be seen from
the magazine or building containing explosives when thetrees are bare of leaves.
2. When Division 1.1 and 1.3 explosives are located
in the same site, determine the distances for the
BARRICADED. The effective screening of a building con-
total quantity considered first as 1.1 and then as
taining explosive materials from the magazine or other build-
1.3. The required distance is the greater of the two.
ing, railway or highway by a natural or an artificial barrier. A
When the Division 1.1 requirements are control-
straight line from the top of any sidewall of the building con-
ling and the TNT equivalence of the 1.3 is known,
taining explosive materials to the eave line of any magazine
the TNT equivalent weight of the 1.3 items shall be
or other building or to a point 12 feet (3658 mm) above the
allowed to be added to the total explosive weight of
center of a railway or highway shall pass through such bar-
Division 1.1 items to determine the net explosive2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS TABLE 3301.8.1(1) APPLICATION OF SEPARATION DISTANCE (Q-D) TABLES—DIVISION 1.1, 1.2 AND 1.5 EXPLOSIVESa,b,c OPERATING INHABITED MAGAZINE BUILDING BUILDING
3304.5.2(1)
a. The minimum separation distance (D ) shall be 60 feet. Where a building or magazine containing explosives is barricaded, the minimum distance shall be 30 feet.
b. Linear interpolation between tabular values in the referenced Q-D tables shall not be allowed. Nonlinear interpolation of the values shall be allowed subject to an
approved technical opinion and report prepared in accordance with Section 104.7.2.
c. For definitions of Quantity-Distance abbreviations IBD, ILD, IMD, IPD and PTR, see Section 3302.1. TABLE 3301.8.1(2) APPLICATION OF SEPARATION DISTANCE (Q-D) TABLES—DIVISION 1.3 EXPLOSIVESa,b,c OPERATING INHABITED MAGAZINE BUILDING BUILDING
a. The minimum separation distance (D ) shall be a minimum of 50 feet.
b. Linear interpolation between tabular values in the referenced Q-D table shall be allowed. c. For definitions of Quantity-Distance abbreviations IBD, ILD, IMD, IPD and PTR, see Section 3302.1. TABLE 3301.8.1(3) APPLICATION OF SEPARATION DISTANCE (Q-D) TABLES—DIVISION 1.4 EXPLOSIVESa,b,c,d OPERATING INHABITED MAGAZINE BUILDING BUILDING
a. The minimum separation distance (D ) shall be a minimum of 50 feet.
b. Linear interpolation between tabular values in the referenced quantity-distance (Q-D) table shall not be allowed. c. For definitions of quantity-distance abbreviations IBD, ILD, IMD, IPD and PTR, see Section 3302.1. d. This table shall not apply to consumer fireworks, 1.4G. 2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS BLAST AREA. The area including the blast site and the
includes any material classified as an explosive other than con-
immediate adjacent area within the influence of flying rock,
sumer fireworks, 1.4G (Class C, Common) by the hazardous
materials regulations of DOTn 49 CFR Parts 100-185. BLAST SITE. The area in which explosive materials are being High explosive. Explosive material, such as dynamite,
or have been loaded and which includes all holes loaded or to
which can be caused to detonate by means of a No. 8 test
be loaded for the same blast and a distance of 50 feet (15 240
Low explosive. Explosive material that will burn or defla- BLASTER. A person qualified in accordance with Section
grate when ignited. It is characterized by a rate of reaction
3301.4 to be in charge of and responsible for the loading and
that is less than the speed of sound. Examples of low explo-sives include, but are not limited to, black powder, safety
BLASTING AGENT. A material or mixture consisting of fuel
fuse, igniters, igniter cord, fuse lighters, fireworks, 1.3G
and oxidizer, intended for blasting provided that the finished
(Class B special) and propellants, 1.3C.
product, as mixed for use or shipment, cannot be detonated by
Mass-detonating explosives. Division 1.1, 1.2 and 1.5
means of a No. 8 test detonator when unconfined. Blasting
explosives alone or in combination, or loaded into various
agents are labeled and placarded as Class 1.5 material by US
types of ammunition or containers, most of which can be
expected to explode virtually instantaneously when a small
BULLET RESISTANT. Constructed so as to resist penetra-
portion is subjected to fire, severe concussion, impact, the
tion of a bullet of 150-grain M2 ball ammunition having a nom-
impulse of an initiating agent or the effect of a considerable
inal muzzle velocity of 2,700 feet per second (fps) (824 mps)
discharge of energy from without. Materials that react in
when fired from a 30-caliber rifle at a distance of 100 feet (30
this manner represent a mass explosion hazard. Such an
480 mm), measured perpendicular to the target. explosive will normally cause severe structural damage toadjacent objects. Explosive propagation could occur imme-
DETONATING CORD. A flexible cord containing a center
diately to other items of ammunition and explosives stored
core of high explosive used to initiate other explosives.
sufficiently close to and not adequately protected from the
DETONATION. An exothermic reaction characterized by the
initially exploding pile with a time interval short enough so
presence of a shock wave in the material which establishes and
that two or more quantities must be considered as one for
maintains the reaction. The reaction zone progresses through
the material at a rate greater than the velocity of sound. The
UN/DOTn Class 1 explosives. The former classification
principal heating mechanism is one of shock compression.
system used by DOTn included the terms “high” and “low”
Detonations have an explosive effect. explosives as defined herein. The following terms further
DETONATOR. A device containing any initiating or primary
define explosives under the current system applied by DOTn
explosive that is used for initiating detonation. A detonator
for all explosive materials defined as hazard Class 1 materi-
shall not contain more than 154.32 grains (10 grams) of total
als. Compatibility group letters are used in concert with the
explosives by weight, excluding ignition or delay charges. The
Division to specify further limitations on each division
term includes, but is not limited to, electric blasting caps of
noted (i.e., the letter G identifies the material as a pyrotech-
instantaneous and delay types, blasting caps for use with safety
nic substance or article containing a pyrotechnic substance
fuses, detonating cord delay connectors, and noninstantaneous
and delay blasting caps which use detonating cord, shock tube
Division 1.1. Explosives that have a mass explosion haz-
or any other replacement for electric leg wires. All types of det-
ard. A mass explosion is one which affects almost the
onators in strengths through No. 8 cap should be rated at 11/2
pounds (0.68 kg) of explosives per 1,000 caps. For strengthshigher than No. 8 cap, consult the manufacturer. Division 1.2. Explosives that have a projection hazard DISCHARGE SITE. The immediate area surrounding the
fireworks mortars used for an outdoor fireworks display. Division 1.3. Explosives that have a fire hazard and either DISPLAY SITE. The immediate area where a fireworks dis-
a minor blast hazard or a minor projection hazard or both,
play is conducted. The display area includes the discharge site,
the fallout area and the required separation distance from the
Division 1.4. Explosives that pose a minor explosion
mortars to spectator viewing areas. The display area does not
hazard. The explosive effects are largely confined to the
include spectator viewing areas or vehicle parking areas.
package and no projection of fragments of appreciable
EXPLOSIVE. A chemical compound, mixture or device, the
size or range is to be expected. An external fire must not
primary or common purpose of which is to function by explo-
cause virtually instantaneous explosion of almost the
sion. The term includes, but is not limited to, dynamite, black
powder, pellet powder, initiating explosives, detonators, safety
Division 1.5. Very insensitive explosives. This division is
fuses, squibs, detonating cord, igniter cord, igniters and display
comprised of substances that have a mass explosion haz-
ard but which are so insensitive that there is very little
The term “Explosive” includes any material determined to
probability of initiation or of transition from burning to
be within the scope of USC Title 18: Chapter 40 and also
detonation under normal conditions of transport. 2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS Division 1.6. Extremely insensitive articles which do not
resistant and ventilated in accordance with the requirements
have a mass explosion hazard. This division is comprised
of NFPA 495, NFPA 1124 or DOTy 27 CFR Part 55.
of articles that contain only extremely insensitive deto-
Type 2. A portable or mobile structure, such as a box,
nating substances and which demonstrate a negligible
skid-magazine, trailer or semitrailer, constructed in accor-
probability of accidental initiation or propagation.
dance with the requirements of NFPA 495, NFPA 1124 or
EXPLOSIVE MATERIAL. The term “explosive” material
DOTy 27 CFR, Part 55 that is fire resistant, theft resistant,
means explosives, blasting agents and detonators.
weather resistant and ventilated. If used outdoors, a Type 2magazine is also bullet resistant. FALLOUT AREA. The area over which aerial shells are fired. The shells burst over the area, and unsafe debris and malfunc- Type 3. A fire resistant, theft resistant and weather resistant
tioning aerial shells fall into this area. The fallout area is the
“day box” or portable structure constructed in accordance
location where a typical aerial shell dud falls to the ground
with NFPA 495, NFPA 1124 or DOTy 27 CFR Part 55 used
depending on the wind and the angle of mortar placement.
for the temporary storage of explosive materials. FIREWORKS. Any composition or device for the purpose of Type 4. A permanent, portable or mobile structure such as a
producing a visible or an audible effect for entertainment pur-
building, igloo, box, semitrailer or other mobile container
poses by combustion, deflagration or detonation that meets the
that is fire resistant, theft resistant and weather resistant and
definition of 1.4G fireworks or 1.3G fireworks as set forth
constructed in accordance with NFPA 495, NFPA 1124 or
Fireworks, 1.4G. (Formerly known as Class C, Common Type 5. A permanent, portable or mobile structure such as a
Fireworks.) Small fireworks devices containing restricted
building, igloo, box, bin, tank, semitrailer, bulk trailer, tank
amounts of pyrotechnic composition designed primarily to
trailer, bulk truck, tank truck or other mobile container that
produce visible or audible effects by combustion. Such
is theft resistant, which is constructed in accordance with
1.4G fireworks which comply with the construction, chemi-
NFPA 495, NFPA 1124 or DOTy 27 CFR, Part 55.
cal composition and labeling regulations of the DOTn for
MORTAR. A tube from which fireworks shells are fired into
Fireworks, UN 0336, and the U.S. Consumer Product
Safety Commission as set forth in CPSC 16 CFR: Parts1500 and 1507, are not explosive materials for the purpose
NET EXPLOSIVE WEIGHT (net weight). The weight of explosive material expressed in pounds. The net explosiveweight is the aggregate amount of explosive material contained
Fireworks, 1.3G. (Formerly Class B, Special Fireworks.)
within buildings, magazines, structures or portions thereof,
Large fireworks devices, which are explosive materials,
used to establish quantity-distance relationships.
intended for use in fireworks displays and designed to pro-duce audible or visible effects by combustion, deflagrationOPERATING BUILDING. A building occupied in conjunc-
or detonation. Such 1.3G fireworks include, but are not lim-
tion with the manufacture, transportation or use of explosive
ited to, firecrackers containing more than 130 milligrams (2
materials. Operating buildings are separated from one another
grains) of explosive composition, aerial shells containing
with the use of intraplant or intraline distances.
more than 40 grams of pyrotechnic composition and other
OPERATING LINE. A group of buildings, facilities or
display pieces which exceed the limits for classification as
workstations so arranged as to permit performance of the steps
1.4G fireworks. Such 1.3G fireworks are also described as
in the manufacture of an explosive or in the loading, assembly,
modification and maintenance of ammunition or devices con-
FIREWORKS DISPLAY. A presentation of fireworks for a PLOSOPHORIC MATERIAL. Two or more unmixed, com- HIGHWAY. A public street, public alley or public road.
mercially manufactured, prepackaged chemical substancesincluding oxidizers, flammable liquids or solids, or similar
INHABITED BUILDING. A building regularly occupied in
substances that are not independently classified as explosives
whole or in part as a habitation for people, or any place of reli-
but which, when mixed or combined, form an explosive that is
gious worship, schoolhouse, railroad station, store or other
structure where people are accustomed to assemble, except anybuilding or structure occupied in connection with the manufac-
PROXIMATE AUDIENCE. An audience closer to pyrotech-
ture, transportation, storage or use of explosive materials.
nic devices than allowed by NFPA 1123. MAGAZINE. A building, structure or container, other than an PUBLIC TRAFFIC ROUTE (PTR). Any public street, road,
operating building, approved for storage of explosive materi-
highway, navigable stream or passenger railroad that is used for
through traffic by the general public. Indoor. A portable structure, such as a box, bin or other con- PYROTECHNIC ARTICLE. A pyrotechnic device for use in
tainer, constructed as required for Type 2, 4 or 5 magazines
the entertainment industry, which is not classified as fireworks.
in accordance with NFPA 495, NFPA 1124 or DOTy 27
PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION. A chemical mixture
CFR Part 55 so as to be fire resistant and theft resistant.
that produces visible light displays or sounds through a
Type 1. A permanent structure, such as a building or igloo,
self-propagating, heat-releasing chemical reaction which is
that is bullet resistant, fire resistant, theft resistant, weather
2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS PYROTECHNIC SPECIAL EFFECT. A visible or audible
ammunition, cannons, rockets, propellant-actuated devices
effect for entertainment created through the use of pyrotechnic
SPECIAL INDUSTRIAL EXPLOSIVE DEVICE. An PYROTECHNIC SPECIAL-EFFECT MATERIAL. A
explosive power pack containing an explosive charge in the
chemical mixture used in the entertainment industry to produce
form of a cartridge or construction device. The term includes
visible or audible effects by combustion, deflagration or deto-
but is not limited to explosive rivets, explosive bolts, explosivenation. Such a chemical mixture predominantly consists of sol-
charges for driving pins or studs, cartridges for explosive-actu-
ids capable of producing a controlled, self-sustaining and
ated power tools and charges of explosives used in automotive
self-contained exothermic chemical reaction that results in
air bag inflators, jet tapping of open hearth furnaces and jet per-
heat, gas sound, light or a combination of these effects. The
chemical reaction functions without external oxygen. THEFT RESISTANT. Construction designed to deter illegal PYROTECHNICS. Controlled exothermic chemical reac-
entry into facilities for the storage of explosive materials.
tions timed to create the effects of heat, hot gas, sound, disper-sion of aerosols, emission of visible light or a combination ofsuch effects to achieve the maximum effect from the least vol-ume of pyrotechnic composition. SECTION 3303 QUANTITY-DISTANCE (Q-D). The quantity of explosive RECORD KEEPING AND REPORTING material and separation distance relationships providing pro-tection. These relationships are based on levels of risk consid-
3303.1 General. Records of the receipt, handling, use or dis-
ered acceptable for the stipulated exposures and are tabulated
posal of explosive materials, and reports of any accidents,
in the appropriate Q-D tables. The separation distances speci-
thefts or unauthorized activities involving explosive materials
shall conform to the requirements of this section. Inhabited building distance (IBD). The minimum separa- 3303.2 Transaction record. The permittee shall maintain a
tion distance between an operating building or magazine
record of all transactions involving receipt, removal, use or dis-
containing explosive materials and an inhabited building or
posal of explosive materials. Such a record shall be maintained
for a period of five years, and shall be furnished to the fire codeofficial for inspection upon request. Intermagazine distance (IMD). The minimum separation distance between magazines. Exception: Where only Division 1.4G (consumer fire- works) are handled, records need only be maintained for a Intraline distance (ILD) or Intraplant distance (IPD).
The distance to be maintained between any two operatingbuildings on an explosives manufacturing site when at least
3303.3 Loss, theft or unauthorized removal. The loss, theft
one contains or is designed to contain explosives, or the dis-
or unauthorized removal of explosive materials from a maga-
tance between a magazine and an operating building.
zine or permitted facility shall be reported to the fire code offi-Minimum separation distance (D ). The minimum sepa- cial, local law enforcement authorities and the U.S.
ration distance between adjacent buildings occupied in con-
Department of Treasury, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Fire-
junction with the manufacture, transportation, storage or
use of explosive materials where one of the buildings con-tains explosive materials and the other building does not. Exception: Loss of Division 1.4G (consumer fireworks) need not be reported to the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and RAILWAY. A steam, electric or other railroad or railway that 3303.4 Accidents. Accidents involving the use of explosives, READY BOX. A weather-resistant container with a self-clos- explosive materials and fireworks, which result in injuries or
ing or automatic-closing cover that protects fireworks shells
property damage, shall be reported to the fire code official
from burning debris. Tarpaulins shall not be considered as
3303.5 Misfires. The pyrotechnic display operator or blaster in SMALL ARMS AMMUNITION. A shotgun, rifle or pistol
charge shall keep a record of all aerial shells that fail to fire or
cartridge and any cartridge for propellant-actuated devices.
This definition does not include military ammunition contain-ing bursting charges or incendiary, trace, spotting or pyrotech-
3303.6 Hazard communication. Manufacturers of explosive materials and fireworks shall maintain records of chemicals,
SMALL ARMS PRIMERS. Small percussion-sensitive
chemical compounds and mixtures required by DOL 29 CFR,
explosive charges, encased in a cap, used to ignite propellant
3303.7 Safety rules. Current safety rules covering the opera- SMOKELESS PROPELLANTS. Solid propellants, com-
tion of magazines, as described in Section 3304.7, shall be
monly referred to as smokeless powders, used in small arms
posted on the interior of the magazine in a visible location. 2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS SECTION 3304 3304.3.3 Detonating cord. For quantity and distance pur- EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS
poses, detonating cord of 50 grains per foot shall be calcu-
STORAGE AND HANDLING
lated as equivalent to 8 pounds (4 kg) of high explosives per
3304.1 General. Storage of explosives and explosive materi-
1,000 feet (305 m). Heavier or lighter core loads shall be
als, small arms ammunition, small arms primers, propel-
lant-actuated cartridges and smokeless propellants in maga-
3304.4 Prohibited storage. Detonators shall be stored in a
zines shall comply with the provisions of this section.
separate magazine for blasting supplies and shall not be stored
3304.2 Magazine required. Explosives and explosive materi-
in a magazine with other explosive materials. als, and Division 1.3G fireworks shall be stored in magazines
3304.5 Location. The use of magazines for storage of explo-
constructed, located, operated and maintained in accordance
sives and explosive materials shall comply with Sections
with the provisions of Section 3304 and NFPA 495 or NFPA
Exceptions: 3304.5.1 Indoor magazines. The use of indoor magazines for storage of explosives and explosive materials shall com-
1. Storage of fireworks at display sites in accordance
ply with the requirements of this section.
with Section 3308.5 and NFPA 1123 or NFPA 1126.
2. Portable or mobile magazines not exceeding 120
3304.5.1.1 Use. The use of indoor magazines for storage
square feet (11 m2) in area shall not be required to
of explosives and explosive materials shall be limited to
comply with the requirements of the International
occupancies of Group F, H, M or S, and research and
3304.3 Magazines. The storage of explosives and explosive 3304.5.1.2 Construction. Indoor magazines shall com- materials in magazines shall comply with Table 3304.3.
ply with the following construction requirements:
3304.3.1 High explosives. Explosive materials classified as
1. Construction shall be fire resistant and theft resis-
Division 1.1 or 1.2 or formerly classified as Class A by the
U.S. Department of Transportation shall be stored in Type 1,
3. Base shall be fitted with wheels, casters or rollers
Exceptions:
to facilitate removal from the building in an emer-
1. Black powder shall be stored in a Type 1, 2, 3 or 4
4. Lid or door shall be marked with conspicuous
2. Cap-sensitive explosive material that is demon-
white lettering not less than 3 inches (76 mm) high
strated not to be bullet sensitive shall be stored in a
and minimum 1/ inch (12.7 mm) stroke, reading
3304.3.2 Low explosives. Explosive materials that are not
5. The least horizontal dimension shall not exceed
cap sensitive shall be stored in a Type 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 magazine.
the clear width of the entrance door. TABLE 3304.3 STORAGE AMOUNTS AND MAGAZINE REQUIREMENTS FOR EXPLOSIVES, EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS AND FIREWORKS, 1.3G MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER CONTROL AREA INDOORa (pounds) MAGAZINE TYPE REQUIRED ATF/OSHA Sprinklers & DIVISION Unprotected Sprinklers (pounds)
1 pound = 0.454 kg, 1 pound per gallon = 0.12 kg per liter, 1 ounce = 28.35 g.
a. A factor of 10 pounds per gallon shall be used for converting pounds (solid) to gallons (liquid) in accordance with Section 2703.1.2. b. Black powder shall be stored in a Type 1, 2, 3 or 4 magazine as provided for in Section 3304.3.1. c. This table shall not apply to consumer fireworks, 1.4G. 2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS 3304.5.1.3 Quantity limit. Not more than 50 pounds (23 Explosive materials shall be removed to appropriate
kg) of explosives or explosive materials shall be stored
storage magazines for unattended storage at the end of
Exception: Day boxes used for the storage of in-pro- 3304.5.3.3 Use. Not more than two Type 3 magazines
cess material in accordance with Section 3305.6.4.1.
shall be located at the same blasting site. Where two Type
3304.5.1.4 Prohibited use. Indoor magazines shall not
3 magazines are located at the same blasting site, one
be used within buildings containing Group R occupan-
magazine shall used solely for the storage of detonators. 3304.6 Construction. Magazines shall be constructed in 3304.5.1.5 Location. Indoor magazines shall be located
accordance with Sections 3304.6.1 through 3304.6.5.2.
within 10 feet (3048 mm) of an entrance and only on
3304.6.1 Drainage. The ground around a magazine shall be
floors at or having ramp access to the exterior grade level.
graded so that water drains away from the magazine. 3304.5.1.6 Number. Not more than two indoor maga- 3304.6.2 Heating. Magazines requiring heat shall be
zines shall be located in the same building. Where two
heated as prescribed in NFPA 495 by either hot water radi-
such magazines are located in the same building, one
ant heating within the magazine or by indirect warm air
magazine shall be used solely for the storage of not more
3304.5.1.7 Separation distance. When two magazines 3304.6.3 Lighting. When lighting is necessary within a
are located in the same building, they shall be separated
magazine, electric safety flashlights or electric safety lan-
by a distance of not less than 10 feet (3048 mm).
terns shall be used, except as provided in NFPA 495. 3304.5.2 Outdoor magazines. All outdoor magazines 3304.6.4 Nonsparking materials. In other than Type 5
other than Type 3 shall be located so as to comply with Table
magazines, there shall be no exposed ferrous metal on the
3304.5.2(2) or Table 3304.5.2(3) as set forth in Tables
interior of a magazine containing packages of explosives.
3301.8.1(1) through 3301.8.1(3). Where a magazine or
3304.6.5 Signs and placards. Property upon which Type 1
group of magazines, as described in Section 3304.5.2.2,
magazines and outdoor magazines of Types 2, 4 and 5 are
contains different classes of explosive materials, and Divi-
located shall be posted with signs stating: EXPLO-
sion 1.1 materials are present, the required separations for
SIVES—KEEP OFF. These signs shall be of contrasting
the magazine or magazine group as a whole shall comply
colors with a minimum letter height of 3 inches (76 mm)
with a minimum brush stroke of 1/ inch (12.7 mm). The
3304.5.2.1 Separation. Where two or more storage
signs shall be located to minimize the possibility of a bullet
magazines are located on the same property, each maga-
shot at the sign hitting the magazine.
zine shall comply with the minimum distances specified
3304.6.5.1 Access road signs. At the entrance to explo-
from inhabited buildings, public transportation routes
sive material manufacturing and storage sites, all access
and operating buildings. Magazines shall be separated
roads shall be posted with the following warning sign or
from each other by not less than the intermagazine dis-
tances (IMD) shown for the separation of magazines. 3304.5.2.2 Grouped magazines. Where two or more
magazines are separated from each other by less than the
intermagazine distances (IMD), such magazines as a
group shall be considered as one magazine and the totalquantity of explosive materials stored in the group shall
The sign shall be weather-resistant with a reflective
be treated as if stored in a single magazine. The location
surface and have lettering at least 2 inches (51 mm)
of the group of magazines shall comply with the
intermagazine distances (IMD) specified from othermagazines or magazine groups, inhabited buildings
3304.6.5.2 Placards. Type 5 magazines containing Divi-
(IBD), public transportation routes (PTR) and operating
sion 1.5 blasting agents shall be prominently placarded
as required during transportation by DOTn 49 CFR, Part172 and DOTy 27 CFR, Part 55. 3304.5.3 Special requirements for Type 3 magazines. Type 3 magazines shall comply with Sections 3304.5.3.1 3304.7 Operation. Magazines shall be operated in accordance
with Sections 3304.7.1 through 3304.7.9. 3304.5.3.1 Location. Wherever practicable, Type 3 3304.7.1 Security. Magazines shall be kept locked in the
magazines shall be located away from neighboring
manner prescribed in NFPA 495 at all times except during
inhabited buildings, railways, highways and other maga-
placement or removal of explosives or inspection.
zines in accordance with Table 3304.5.2(2) or
3304.7.2 Open flames and lights. Smoking, matches,
flame-producing devices, open flames, firearms and fire-
3304.5.3.2 Supervision. Type 3 magazines shall be
arms cartridges shall not be allowed inside of or within 50
attended when explosive materials are stored within. 2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS TABLE 3304.5.2(1) AMERICAN TABLE OF DISTANCES FOR STORAGE OF EXPLOSIVES AS APPROVED BY THE INSTITUTE OF MAKERS OF EXPLOSIVES AND REVISED JUNE 1991a DISTANCES IN FEET Public highways with traffic Public highways with traffic volume greater than 3,000 QUANTITY OF EXPLOSIVE volume less than 3,000 vehicles per day and MATERIALSc Inhabited buildings vehicles per day passenger railways Separation of magazinesd Pounds not Pounds over Barricaded Unbarricaded Barricaded Unbarricaded Barricaded Unbarricaded Barricaded Unbarricaded 2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS TABLE 3304.5.2(1)–continued AMERICAN TABLE OF DISTANCES FOR STORAGE OF EXPLOSIVES AS APPROVED BY THE INSTITUTE OF MAKERS OF EXPLOSIVES AND REVISED JUNE 1991a DISTANCES IN FEET Public highways with traffic Public highways with traffic volume greater than 3,000 QUANTITY OF EXPLOSIVE volume less than 3,000 vehicles per day and MATERIALSc Inhabited buildings vehicles per day passenger railways Separation of magazinesd Pounds not Pounds over Barricaded Unbarricaded Barricaded Unbarricaded Barricaded Unbarricaded Barricaded Unbarricaded 2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS TABLE 3304.5.2(1)–continued AMERICAN TABLE OF DISTANCES FOR STORAGE OF EXPLOSIVES AS APPROVED BY THE INSTITUTE OF MAKERS OF EXPLOSIVES AND REVISED JUNE 1991a DISTANCES IN FEET Public highways with traffic Public highways with traffic volume greater than 3,000 QUANTITY OF EXPLOSIVE volume less than 3,000 vehicles per day and MATERIALSc Inhabited buildings vehicles per day passenger railways Separation of magazinesd Pounds not Pounds over Barricaded Unbarricaded Barricaded Unbarricaded Barricaded Unbarricaded Barricaded Unbarricaded
1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound = 0.454 kg.
a. This table applies only to the manufacture and permanent storage of commercial explosive materials. It is not applicable to transportation of explosives or any han-
dling or temporary storage necessary or incident thereto. It is not intended to apply to bombs, projectiles or other heavily encased explosives.
b. Storage in excess of 300,000 pounds of explosive materials in one magazine is not allowed. c. Where a manufacturing building on an explosive materials plant site is designed to contain explosive materials, such building shall be located with respect to its
proximity to inhabited buildings, public highways and passenger railways based on the maximum quantity of explosive materials permitted to be in the building atone time.
d. Where two or more storage magazines are located on the same property, each magazine shall comply with the minimum distances specified from inhabited build-
ings, railways and highways, and, in addition, they should be separated from each other by not less than the distances shown for separation of magazines, exceptthat the quantity of explosives in detonator magazines shall govern in regard to the spacing of said detonator magazines from magazines containing other explosivematerials. Where any two or more magazines are separated from each other by less than the specified separation of magazines distances, then two or more suchmagazines, as a group, shall be considered as one magazine, and the total quantity of explosive materials stored in such group shall be treated as if stored in a singlemagazine located on the site of any magazine in the group and shall comply with the minimum distances specified from other magazines, inhabited buildings, rail-ways and highways. TABLE 3304.5.2(2) TABLE OF DISTANCES (Q-D) FOR BUILDINGS CONTAINING EXPLOSIVES—DIVISION 1.3 MASS-FIRE HAZARDa, b, c QUANTITY OF DIVISION 1.3 EXPLOSIVES (NET EXPLOSIVES WEIGHT) DISTANCES IN FEET Inhabited Building Distance to Public Traffic Intermagazine Distance Intraline Distance (ILD) or Pounds over Pounds not over Distance (IBD) Route (PTR) Intraplant Distance (IPD)
1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound = 0.454 kg.
a. Black powder, when stored in magazines, is defined as low explosive by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (BATF). b. For quantities less than 1,000 pounds, the required distances are those specified for 1,000 pounds. The use of lesser distances is allowed when supported by
c. Linear interpolation of explosive quantities between table entries is allowed. 2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS TABLE 3304.5.2(3) TABLE OF DISTANCES (Q-D) FOR BUILDINGS CONTAINING EXPLOSIVES —DIVISION 1.4 c QUANTITY OF DIVISION 1.4 EXPLOSIVES (NET EXPLOSIVES WEIGHT) DISTANCES IN FEET Inhabited Building Distance to Public Traffic Intermagazine Intraline Distance (ILD) or Pounds over Pounds not over Distance (IBD) Route (PTR) Distancea, b (IMD) Intraplant Distancea (IPD)
1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound = 0.454 kg.
a. A separation distance of 100 feet is required for buildings of other than Type I or Type II construction as defined in the International Building Code. b. For earth-covered magazines, no specified separation is required.
1. Earth cover material used for magazines shall be relatively cohesive. Solid or wet clay and similar types of soil are too cohesive and shall not be used. Soil
shall be free from unsanitary organic matter, trash, debris and stones heavier than 10 pounds or larger than 6 inches in diameter. Compaction and surface prep-aration shall be provided, as necessary, to maintain structural integrity and avoid erosion. Where cohesive material cannot be used, as in sandy soil, the earthcover over magazines shall be finished with a suitable material to ensure structural integrity.
2. The earth fill or earth cover between earth-covered magazines shall be either solid or sloped, in accordance with the requirements of other construction fea-
tures, but a minimum of 2 feet of earth cover shall be maintained over the top of each magazines. To reduce erosion and facilitate maintenance operations, thecover shall have a slope of 2 horizontal to 1 vertical.
c. Restricted to articles, including articles packaged for shipment, that are not regulated as an explosive under Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms regulations, or
unpacked articles used in process operations that do not propagate a detonation or deflagration between articles. This table shall not apply to consumer fireworks,1.4G. 3304.7.3 Brush. The area located around a magazine shall be 3304.8 Maintenance. Maintenance of magazines shall comply
kept clear of brush, dried grass, leaves, trash, debris and simi-
with Sections 3304.8.1 through 3304.8.3.
lar combustible materials for a distance of 25 feet (7620 mm). 3304.8.1 Housekeeping. Magazine floors shall be regularly 3304.7.4 Combustible storage. Combustible materials
swept and be kept clean, dry and free of grit, paper, empty
shall not be stored within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of magazines.
packages and rubbish. Brooms and other cleaning utensilsshall not have any spark-producing metal parts. Sweepings
3304.7.5 Unpacking and repacking explosive materials.
from magazine floors shall be disposed of in accordance
Containers of explosive materials, except fiberboard con-
with the manufacturers’ approved instructions.
tainers, and packages of damaged or deteriorated explosivematerials or fireworks shall not be unpacked or repacked
3304.8.2 Repairs. Explosive materials shall be removed
inside or within 50 feet (15 240 mm) of a magazine or in
from the magazine before making repairs to the interior of a
close proximity to other explosive materials.
magazine. Explosive materials shall be removed from themagazine before making repairs to the exterior of the maga-
3304.7.5.1 Storage of opened packages. Packages of
zine where there is a possibility of causing a fire. Explosiveexplosive materials that have been opened shall be
materials removed from a magazine under repair shall
closed before being placed in a magazine.
either be placed in another magazine or placed a safe dis-
3304.7.5.2 Nonsparking tools. Tools used for the open-
tance from the magazine, where they shall be properly
ing and closing of packages of explosive materials, other
guarded and protected until repairs have been completed.
than metal slitters for opening paper, plastic or fiberboard
Upon completion of repairs, the explosive materials shall be
containers, shall be made of nonsparking materials.
promptly returned to the magazine. Floors shall be cleaned
3304.7.5.3 Disposal of packaging. Empty containers
and paper and fiber packaging materials that previously
3304.8.3 Floors. Magazine floors stained with liquid shall be
contained explosive materials shall be disposed of or
dealt with according to instructions obtained from the manu-
facturer of the explosive material stored in the magazine. 3304.7.6 Tools and equipment. Metal tools, other than 3304.9 Inspection. Magazines containing explosive materials
nonferrous transfer conveyors and ferrous metal conveyor
shall be opened and inspected at maximum seven-day inter-
stands protected by a coat of paint, shall not be stored in a
vals. The inspection shall determine whether there has been an
magazine containing explosive materials or detonators.
unauthorized or attempted entry into a magazine or an unau-
3304.7.7 Contents. Magazines shall be used exclusively for
thorized removal of a magazine or its contents.
the storage of explosive materials, blasting materials and
3304.10 Disposal of explosive materials. Explosive materials
shall be disposed of in accordance with Sections 3304.10.1
3304.7.8 Compatibility. Corresponding grades and brands
of explosive materials shall be stored together and in such a
3304.10.1 Notification. The fire code official shall be noti-
manner that the grade and brand marks are visible. Stocks
fied immediately when deteriorated or leaking explosive
shall be stored so as to be easily counted and checked. Pack-
materials are determined to be dangerous or unstable and in
ages of explosive materials shall be stacked in a stable man-
ner not exceeding 8 feet (2438 mm) in height. 3304.10.2 Deteriorated materials. When an explosive 3304.7.9 Stock rotation. When explosive material is material has deteriorated to an extent that it is in an unstable
removed from a magazine for use, the oldest usable stocks
or dangerous condition, or when a liquid has leaked from an
explosive material, the person in possession of such mate-
2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS
rial shall immediately contact the material’s manufacturer
3305.2.1 Hazardous Materials Management Plans and
to obtain disposal and handling instructions. Inventory Statements required. Detailed Hazardous Materials Management Plans (HMMP) and Hazardous 3304.10.3 Qualified person. The work of destroying explo-
Materials Inventory Statements (HMIS) complying with the
sive materials shall be directed by persons experienced in
requirements of Section 407 shall be prepared and submit-
the destruction of explosive materials.
ted to the local emergency planning committee, the fire code3304.10.4 Storage of misfires. Explosive materials and official and the local fire department.
fireworks recovered from blasting or display misfires shallbe placed in a magazine until an experienced person has
3305.2.2 Maintenance of plans. A copy of the required
determined the proper method for disposal.
HMMP and HMIS shall be maintained on site and furnishedto the fire code official on request. 3304.10.5 Disposal sites. Sites for the destruction of explosive materials and fireworks shall be approved and 3305.2.3 Employee training. Workers who handle explo-
located at the maximum practicable safe distance from
sives or explosive charges or dispose of explosives shall be
inhabited buildings, public highways, operating buildings
trained in the hazards of the materials and processes in
and all other exposures to ensure keeping air blast and
which they are to be engaged and with the safety rules gov-
ground vibration to a minimum. The location of disposal
erning such materials and processes.
sites shall be no closer to magazines, inhabited buildings,
3305.2.4 Emergency procedures. Approved emergency
railways, highways and other rights-of-way than is
procedures shall be formulated for each plant which will
include personal instruction in any emergency that may be
3304.5.2(3). When possible, barricades shall be utilized
anticipated. All personnel shall be made aware of an emer-
between the destruction site and inhabited buildings.
Areas where explosives are detonated or burned shall beposted with adequate warning signs. 3305.3 Intraplant separation of operating buildings. Explo- sives manufacturing buildings and fireworks manufacturing 3304.10.6 Reuse of site. Unless an approved burning site
buildings, including those where explosive charges are assem-
has been thoroughly saturated with water and has passed a
bled, manufactured, prepared or loaded utilizing Division 1.1,
safety inspection, 48 hours shall elapse between the com-
1.2, 1.3, 1.4 or 1.5 explosives, shall be separated from all other
pletion of a burn and the placement of scrap explosive mate-
buildings, including magazines, within the confines of the
manufacturing plant, at a distance not less than those shown in
3304.10.7 Personnel safeguards. Once an explosive burn
Table 3305.3 or 3304.5.2(3), as appropriate.
operation has been started, personnel shall relocate to a safe
((Exception: Fireworks manufacturing buildings separated
location where adequate protection from air blast and flying
debris is provided. Personnel shall not return to the burnarea until the person in charge has inspected the burn site
The quantity of explosives in an operating building shall be
and determined that it is safe for personnel to return.
the net weight of all explosives contained therein. Distancesshall be based on the hazard division requiring the greatest sep-aration, unless the aggregate explosive weight is divided by
SECTION 3305 approved walls or shields designed for that purpose. When
MANUFACTURE, ASSEMBLY AND TESTING OF
dividing a quantity of explosives into smaller stacks, a suitable
EXPLOSIVES, EXPLOSIVE MATERIALS AND
barrier or adequate separation distance shall be provided to pre-
FIREWORKS
vent propagation from one stack to another. 3305.1 General. The manufacture, assembly and testing of
When distance is used as the sole means of separation within a
explosives, ammunition, blasting agents and fireworks ((shall
building, such distance shall be established by testing. Testing
comply with the requirements of this section and NFPA 495 or
shall demonstrate that propagation between stacks will not
result. Barriers provided to protect against explosive effects shallbe designed and installed in accordance with approved stan-
Exceptions:
1. The hand loading of small arms ammunition prepared
for personal use and not offered for resale. 3305.4 Separation of manufacturing operating buildings from inhabited buildings, public traffic routes and maga-
2. The mixing and loading of blasting agents at blasting
zines. When an operating building on an explosive materials
plant site is designed to contain explosive materials, such a
3. The use of binary explosives or plosophoric materials
building shall be located away from inhabited buildings, public
in blasting or pyrotechnic special effects applications
traffic routes and magazines in accordance with Table
in accordance with NFPA 495 or NFPA 1126.
3304.5.2(2) or 3304.5.2(3) as appropriate, based on the maxi-mum quantity of explosive materials permitted to be in the
3305.2 Emergency planning and preparedness. Emergency
building at one time (see Section 3301.8).
plans, emergency drills, employee training and hazard commu-nication shall conform to the provisions of this section and Sec-
((Exception: Fireworks manufacturing buildings con-
structed and operated in accordance with NFPA 1124.))
2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS TABLE 3305.3 MINIMUM INTRALINE (INTRAPLANT) SEPARATION DISTANCES (ILD OR IPD) BETWEEN BARRICADED OPERATING BUILDINGS CONTAINING EXPLOSIVES—DIVISION 1.1, 1.2 OR 1.5—MASS EXPLOSION HAZARDa NET EXPLOSIVE WEIGHT NET EXPLOSIVE WEIGHT Intraline Distance (ILD) Intraline Distance (ILD) or Intraplant Distance or Intraplant Distance Pounds over Pounds not over (IPD) (feet) Pounds over Pounds not over (IPD) (feet)
1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pound = 0.454 kg.
a. Where a building or magazine containing explosives is not barricaded, the intraline distances shown in this table shall be doubled. 3305.4.1 Determination of net explosive weight for oper-
ited to a net explosive weight not to exceed 50 pounds (23
ating buildings. In addition to the requirements of Section
3301.8 to determine the net explosive weight for materialsstored or used in operating buildings, quantities of explosive3305.4.1.3 Outdoor magazines with a net explosive materials stored in magazines located at distances less than
weight greater than 50 pounds. The storage of explo-
intraline distances from the operating building shall be
sive materials in outdoor magazines in quantities
added to the contents of the operating building to determine
exceeding 50 pounds (23 kg) net explosive weight shall
the net explosive weight for the operating building.
be limited to storage in outdoor magazines located notless than intraline distances from the operating building
3305.4.1.1 Indoor magazines. The storage of explosive
in accordance with Section 3304.5.2.
materials located in indoor magazines in operating build-ings shall be limited to a net explosive weight not toexceed 50 pounds (23 kg). 3305.4.1.4 Net explosive weight of materials stored in combination indoor and outdoor magazines. The 3305.4.1.2 Outdoor magazines with a net explosive
aggregate quantity of explosive materials stored in any
weight less than 50 pounds. The storage of explosive
combination of indoor magazines or outdoor magazines
materials in outdoor magazines located at less than
located at less than the intraline distances from an operat-
intraline distances from operating buildings shall be lim-
ing building shall not exceed 50 pounds (23 kg). 2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS 3305.5 Buildings and equipment. Buildings or rooms that
exceed that established by the intraplant distances in Table
exceed the maximum allowable quantity per control area of
3305.3 or 3304.5.2(3), as appropriate. explosive materials shall be operated in accordance with this
3305.6.4.1 Magazines. Magazines used for storage in
section and constructed in accordance with the requirements of
processing areas shall be in accordance with the require-
the International Building Code for Group H occupancies.
ments of Section 3304.5.1. All explosive materials shall
((Exception: Fireworks manufacturing buildings con-
be removed to appropriate storage magazines for unat-
structed and operated in accordance with NFPA 1124.))
tended storage at the end of the work day. The contents of
3305.5.1 Explosives dust. Explosives dust shall not be
indoor magazines shall be added to the quantity of explo-sives contained at individual workstations and the totalquantity of material stored, processed or used shall be
3305.5.1.1 Wet collector. When collecting explosives
utilized to establish the intraplant separation distances
dust, a wet collector system shall be used. Wetting agents
indicated by Table 3305.3 or 3304.5.2(3), as appropriate.
shall be compatible with the explosives. Collector sys-tems shall be interlocked with process power supplies so
3305.6.5 Waste disposal. Approved receptacles with covers
that the process cannot continue without the collector
shall be provided for each location for disposing of waste
material and debris. These waste receptacles shall be emp-tied and cleaned as often as necessary but not less than once
3305.5.1.2 Waste disposal and maintenance. Explo-
each day or at the end of each shift. sives dust shall be removed from the collection chamberas often as necessary to prevent overloading. The entire
3305.6.6 Safety rules. General safety rules and operating
system shall be cleaned at a frequency that will eliminate
instructions governing the particular operation or process
hazardous concentrations of explosives dust in pipes,
conducted at that location shall be available at each location. 3305.6.7 Personnel limits. The number of occupants in 3305.5.2 Exhaust fans. Squirrel cage blowers shall not be
each process building and in each magazine shall not exceed
used for exhausting hazardous fumes, vapors or gases. Only
the number necessary for proper conduct of production
nonferrous fan blades shall be used for fans located within
the ductwork and through which hazardous materials areexhausted. Motors shall be located outside the duct. 3305.6.8 Pyrotechnic and explosive composition quan- tity limits. Not more than 500 pounds (227 kg) of pyrotech- 3305.5.3 Work stations. Work stations shall be separated
nic or explosive composition, including not more than 10
by distance, barrier or other approved alternatives so that
pounds (5 kg) of salute powder shall be allowed at one time
fire in one station will not ignite material in another work
in any process building or area. All compositions not in cur-
station. Where necessary, the operator shall be protected by
rent use shall be kept in covered nonferrous containers.
a personnel shield located between the operator and theexplosive device or explosive material being processed. Exception: Composition that has been loaded or pressed
This shield and its support shall be capable of withstanding
into tubes or other containers as consumer fireworks.
a blast from the maximum amount of explosives allowed
3305.6.9 Posting limits. The maximum number of occu-
pants and maximum weight of pyrotechnic and explosive3305.6 Operations. Operations involving explosives shall
composition permitted in each process building shall be
comply with Sections 3305.6.1 through 3305.6.10.
posted in a conspicuous location in each process building ormagazine. 3305.6.1 Isolation of operations. When the type of mate- rial and processing warrants, mechanical operations involv- 3305.6.10 Heat sources. Fireworks, explosives or explosive
ing explosives in excess of 1 pound (0.454 kg) shall be
charges in explosive materials manufacturing, assembly or
carried on at isolated stations or at intraplant distances, and
testing shall not be stored near any source of heat.
machinery shall be controlled from remote locations behindbarricades or at separations so that workers will be at a safe
Exception: Approved drying or curing operations.
distance while machinery is operating. 3305.7 Maintenance. Maintenance and repair of explo- 3305.6.2 Static controls. The work area where the screen- sives-manufacturing facilities and areas shall comply with Sec-
ing, grinding, blending and other processing of static-sensi-
tive explosives or pyrotechnic materials is done shall be
3305.8 Explosive materials testing sites. Detonation of
provided with approved static controls. explosive materials or ignition of fireworks for testing purposes
3305.6.3 Approved containers. Bulk explosives shall be
shall be done only in isolated areas at sites where distance, pro-
kept in approved, nonsparking containers when not being
tection from missiles, shrapnel or flyrock, and other safeguards
used or processed. Explosives shall not be stored or trans-
provides protection against injury to personnel or damage to
3305.6.4 Quantity limits. The quantity of explosives at any 3305.8.1 Protective clothing and equipment. Protective
particular work station shall be limited to that posted on the
clothing and equipment shall be provided to protect persons
load limit signs for the individual work station. The total
engaged in the testing, ignition or detonation of explosive
quantity of explosives for multiple workstations shall not
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS 3305.8.2 Site security. When tests are being conducted or 3306.5 Display and storage in Group M occupancies. The explosives are being detonated, only authorized persons
display and storage of small arms ammunition in Group M
shall be present. Areas where explosives are regularly or fre-
occupancies shall comply with this section.
quently detonated or burned shall be approved and posted
3306.5.1 Display. Display of small arms ammunition in
with adequate warning signs. Warning devices shall be acti-
Group M occupancies shall comply with Sections
vated before burning or detonating explosives to alert per-sons approaching from any direction that they areapproaching a danger zone. 3306.5.1.1 Smokeless propellant. No more than 20 pounds (9 kg) of smokeless propellants, each in contain- 3305.9 Waste disposal. Disposal of explosive materials waste
ers of 1 pound (0.454 kg) or less capacity, shall be dis-
from manufacturing, assembly or testing operations shall be in
3306.5.1.2 Black powder. No ((more than 1 pound (0.454 kg) of)) black powder shall be displayed in Group M occupancies. SECTION 3306 3306.5.1.3 Small arms primers. No more than 10,000 SMALL ARMS AMMUNITION, MODEL ROCKET
small arms primers shall be displayed in Group M occu-
MOTORS, AND MARINE FLARES 3306.1 General. Indoor storage and display of black powder, 3306.5.1.4 Model rocket motors. Model rocket motors
smokeless propellants and small arms ammunition shall com-
on display in Group M occupancies shall not exceed an
ply with this section and NFPA 495. Indoor display of model
individual motor weight of 1 pound (0.45 kg). The maxi-
rocket motors and marine flares shall comply with this section.
mum aggregate motor weight on display shall not exceed
3306.2 Prohibited storage. Small arms ammunition shall not
20 pounds (9.1 kg). Model rocket motors shall be located
be stored together with Division 1.1, Division 1.2 or Division
a minimum of 15 feet (4572 mm) from exits.
1.3 explosives unless the storage facility is suitable for the stor-
3306.5.1.5 Marine flares. U.S. Coast Guard approved
marine flares on display in Group M occupancies shall
3306.3 Packages. Smokeless propellants shall be stored in
not exceed an individual device weight of 2 pounds (0.90
approved shipping containers conforming to DOTn 49 CFR,
kg). The maximum aggregate device weight on display
shall not exceed 40 pounds (18.2 kg). Marine flares shallbe located a minimum of 15 feet (4572 mm) from exits. 3306.3.1 Repackaging. The bulk repackaging of smokeless propellants, black powder and small arms primers shall not 3306.5.1.5 Point of Information
be performed in retail establishments.
Device weight of U.S. Coast Guard approved marine flares
3306.3.2 Damaged packages. Damaged containers shall
means the gross weight of the smokeless propellant, other
chemical components and the primary casing of the flare. The device weight is not to include carrying cases, manufac-
Exception: Approved repackaging of damaged contain-
turer’s packaging, detachable handles or unattached activat-
ers of smokeless propellant into containers of the same
ing devices that may also be present and sold with the flare as
type and size as the original container. 3306.4 Storage in Group R occupancies. The storage of small arms ammunition in Group R occupancies shall comply 3306.5.2 Storage. Storage of small arms ammunition shall
with Sections 3306.4.1 and 3306.4.2.
comply with Sections 3306.5.2.1 through 3306.5.2.3. 3306.4.1 Black powder and smokeless propellants. Pro- 3306.5.2.1 Smokeless propellant. Commercial stocks
pellants for personal use in quantities not exceeding 20
of smokeless propellants shall be stored as follows:
pounds (9 kg) of black powder or 20 pounds (9 kg) ofsmokeless powder shall be stored in original containers in
1. Quantities exceeding 20 pounds (9 kg), but not
occupancies limited to Group R-3. Smokeless powder in
exceeding 100 pounds (45 kg) shall be stored in
quantities exceeding 20 pounds (9 kg) but not exceeding 50
portable wooden boxes having walls of at least 1
pounds (23 kg) kept in a wooden box or cabinet having walls
of at least 1 inch (25 mm) nominal thickness shall beallowed to be stored in occupancies limited to Group R-3.
2. Quantities exceeding 100 pounds (45 kg), but not
Quantities exceeding these amounts shall not be stored in
exceeding ((800))400 pounds (((363))181.5 kg),
shall be stored in nonportable storage cabinetshaving walls at least 1 inch (25 mm) nominal
3306.4.2 Small arms primers. No more than 10,000 small
thickness. Not more than ((400))200 pounds
arms primers shall be stored in occupancies limited to
(((182))91 kg) shall be stored in any one cabinet,
and cabinets shall be separated by a distance of at
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS
least 25 feet (7620 mm) or by a fire partition hav-
1. Quantities not to exceed ((750,000))20,000 small
ing a fire-resistance rating of at least 1 hour.
arms primers stored in a building shall be arrangedsuch that not more than ((100,000))20,000 small
3. Storage of quantities exceeding ((800)) 400
arms primers are stored in any one pile and piles
pounds (((363 kg))) (181.5 kg), but not exceeding
are at least 15 feet (4572 mm) apart.
5,000 pounds (2270 kg) in a building shall complywith all of the following:
2. Quantities exceeding ((750,000))20,000 small
arms primers stored in a building shall comply
unaccessible to unauthorized personnel.
2.1. The warehouse or storage building shall
3.2. Smokeless propellant shall be stored in
not be accessible to unauthorized person-
walls at least 1 inch (25 mm) nominalthickness and having shelves with no more
2.2. Small arms primers shall be stored in cabi-
small arms primers shall be stored in anyone cabinet.
3.3. N o m o r e t h a n ( ( 4 0 0 ) ) 2 0 0 p o u n d s
(((182))91 kg) is stored in any one cabinet.
2.3. Shelves in cabinets shall have vertical sep-
aration of at least 2 feet (610 mm).
3.4. Cabinets shall be located against walls of
the storage room or warehouse with at least
2.4. Cabinets shall be located against walls of
40 feet (12 192 mm) between cabinets.
the warehouse or storage room with at least40 feet (12 192 mm) between cabinets. The
cabinets shall be allowed to be reduced to
mm) provided that barricades twice the
20 feet (6096 mm) provided that barri-
height of the cabinets are attached to the
cades twice the height of the cabinets are
attached to the wall, midway between each
barricades must extend a minimum of 10
cabinet. The barricades shall be firmly
attached to the wall and be constructed of
structed of steel not less than 1/ inch thick
steel not less than 1/ inch thick (6.4 mm),
2.5. Small arms primers shall be separated
3.6. Smokeless propellant shall be separated
from materials classified as combustible
from materials classified as combustibleliquids, flammable liquids, flammable sol-
liquids, flammable liquids, flammable sol-
ids or oxidizing materials by a distance of
ids or oxidizing materials by a distance of
25 feet (7620 mm) by a fire partition hav-
25 feet (7620 mm) or by a fire partition
ing a fire-resistance rating of 1 hour.
having a fire-resistance rating of 1 hour.
2.6. The building shall be protected throughout
3.7. The building shall be equipped throughout
with an automatic sprinkler system
with an automatic sprinkler system
3. Small arms primers not stored in accordance with
4. Smokeless propellants not stored according to
Item 1 or 2 of this section shall be stored in a maga-
Item 1, 2, or 3 above shall be stored in a Type 2 or 4
zine meeting the requirements of Section 3304 and
magazine in accordance with Section 3304 and
3306.5.2.2 Black powder. Commercial stocks of black powder in quantities less than 5((0)) pounds (((23 ))2.3 SECTION 3307
kg) shall be allowed to be stored in Type 2 or 4 indoor or
BLASTING
outdoor magazines. Quantities greater than 5((0))pounds (((23))2.3 kg) shall be stored in outdoor Type 2
3307.1 General. Blasting operations shall be conducted only
or 4 magazines. When black powder and smokeless pro-
by approved, competent operators familiar with the required
pellants are stored together in the same magazine, the
safety precautions and the hazards involved and in accordance
total quantity shall not exceed that permitted for black
3307.2 Manufacturer’s instructions. Blasting operations 3306.5.2.3 Small arms primers. Commercial stocks of
shall be performed in accordance with the instructions of the
small arms primers shall be stored as follows:
manufacturer of the explosive materials being used. 2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS 3307.3 Blasting in congested areas. When blasting is done in
equipment are at a safe distance or under sufficient cover and
a congested area or in close proximity to a structure, railway or
that an adequate warning signal has been given.
highway, or any other installation, precautions shall be taken to
3307.14 Post-blast procedures. After the blast, the following
minimize earth vibrations and air blast effects. Blasting mats or
other protective means shall be used to prevent fragments frombeing thrown.
1. No person shall return to the blast area until allowed to
3307.4 Restricted hours. Surface-blasting operations shall only be conducted during daylight hours between sunrise and
2. The blaster shall allow sufficient time for smoke and
sunset. Other blasting shall be performed during daylight hours
fumes to dissipate and for dust to settle before returning
unless otherwise approved by the fire code official.
3. The blaster shall inspect the entire blast site for misfires
3307.5 Utility notification. Whenever blasting is being con-
before allowing other personnel to return to the blast
ducted in the vicinity of utility lines or rights-of-way, the
blaster shall notify the appropriate representatives of the utili-ties at least 24 hours in advance of blasting, specifying the loca-
3307.15 Misfires. Where a misfire is suspected, all initiating
tion and intended time of such blasting. Verbal notices shall be
circuits shall be traced and a search made for unexploded
charges. Where a misfire is found, the blaster shall provideproper safeguards for excluding all personnel from the blast
Exception: In an emergency situation, the time limit shall
area. Misfires shall be reported to the blasting supervisor
immediately. Misfires shall be handled under the direction of
3307.6 Electric detonator precautions. Precautions shall be
the person in charge of the blasting operation in accordance
taken to prevent accidental discharge of electric detonators
from currents induced by radar and radio transmitters, light-ning, adjacent power lines, dust and snow storms, or othersources of extraneous electricity. SECTION 3308 FIREWORKS DISPLAY 3307.7 Nonelectric detonator precautions. Precautions shall be taken to prevent accidental initiation of nonelectric detona- 3308.1 General. The sale, possession, use or discharge of fire-
tors from stray currents induced by lightning or static electric-
works and pyrotechnic special effects in the City of Seattle is
prohibited except where authorized by a fire department permitor exempted under this section. 3307.8 Blasting area security. During the time that holes are Exceptions:
being loaded or are loaded with explosive materials, blastingagents or detonators, only authorized persons engaged in drill-
1. The use of fireworks by railroads or other transporta-
ing and loading operations or otherwise authorized to enter the
tion agencies for signaling or illumination.
site shall be allowed at the blast site. The blast site shall be
2. The sale or use of blank cartridges or fireworks if
guarded or barricaded and posted. Blast site security shall be
approved by the fire code official for theatrics, signal-
maintained until after the post-blast inspection has been com-
3. The use of fireworks by the United States Armed
3307.9 Drill holes. Holes drilled for the loading of explosive
charges shall be made and loaded in accordance with NFPA
3308.2 Permit application. Prior to issuing permits for a fire-
works display, plans for the fireworks display, inspections of
3307.10 Removal of excess explosive materials. After load-
the display site and demonstrations of the display operations
ing for a blast is completed and before firing, excess explosive
shall be approved. A plan establishing procedures to follow
materials shall be removed from the area and returned to the
and actions to be taken in the event that a shell fails to ignite in,
or discharge from, a mortar or fails to function over the falloutarea or other malfunctions shall be provided to the fire code3307.11 Initiation means. The initiation of blasts shall be by
means conforming to the provisions of NFPA 495.
No person under 18 years of age may apply for or receive a
3307.12 Connections. The blaster shall supervise the connect-
ing of the blastholes and the connection of the loadline to thepower source or initiation point. Connections shall be made
An application for a permit shall be made in writing to the
progressively from the blasthole back to the initiation point. fire code official at least 30 days in advance of the display. Atthe time the permit application is submitted, the fire code offi-
Blasting lead lines shall remain shunted (shorted) and shall
cial shall be consulted regarding requirements for standby fire
not be connected to the blasting machine or other source of cur-
rent until the blast is to be fired. 3308.2.1 Outdoor fireworks displays. In addition to the 3307.13 Firing control. No blast shall be fired until the blaster
requirements of Section 403, permit applications for out-
has made certain that all surplus explosive materials are in a
door fireworks displays using Division 1.3G fireworks shall
safe place in accordance with Section 3307.10, all persons and
include a diagram of the location at which the fireworks dis-
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS
play will be conducted, including the site from which fire-
Additional water-filled fire extinguishers, rated 2-A min-
works will be discharged; the location of buildings,
imum, shall be on the barge and so spaced that an extin-
highways, overhead obstructions and utilities; and the lines
guisher shall be available within 30 feet (9144 mm) at all
behind which the audience will be restrained. 3308.2.2 Use of pyrotechnics before a proximate audi- 3308.5 Storage of fireworks at display site. The storage of ence. Where the separation distances required in Section
fireworks at the display site shall comply with the requirements
3308.4 and NFPA 1123 are unavailable or cannot be
of this section and NFPA 1123 or NFPA 1126.
secured, fireworks displays shall be conducted in accor-
3308.5.1 Supervision and weather protection. Beginning
dance with NFPA 1126 for proximate audiences. Applica-
as soon as fireworks have been delivered to the display site,
tions for use of pyrotechnics before a proximate audience
shall include plans indicating the required clearances forspectators and combustibles, crowd control measures,
3308.5.2 Weather protection. Fireworks shall be kept dry
smoke control measures and requirements for standby per-
sonnel and equipment when provision of such personnel orequipment is required by the fire code official. 3308.5.3 Inspection. Shells shall be inspected by the oper- ator or assistants after delivery to the display site. Shells 3308.3 Approved fireworks displays. Approved fireworks
having tears, leaks, broken fuses or signs of having been
displays shall include only the approved fireworks 1.3G, fire-
wet shall be set aside and shall not be fired. Aerial shells
works 1.4G, fireworks 1.4S and pyrotechnic articles, 1.4G,
shall be checked for proper fit in mortars prior to dis-
which shall be handled by an approved, competent operator.
charge. Aerial shells that do not fit properly shall not be
The approved fireworks shall be arranged, located, discharged
fired. After the fireworks display, damaged, deteriorated or
and fired in a manner that will not pose a hazard to property or
dud shells shall either be returned to the supplier or
destroyed in accordance with the supplier’s instructionsand Section 3304.10. 3308.4 Clearance. Spectators, spectator parking areas, and dwellings, buildings or structures shall not be located within Exception: Minor repairs to fuses shall be allowed. For
electrically ignited displays, attachment of electricmatches and similar tasks shall be allowed. Exception((s)):
((1.)) This provision shall not apply to pyrotechnic spe-
3308.5.4 Sorting and separation. After delivery to the dis-
cial effects and fireworks displays using Division
play site and prior to the fireworks display, all shells shall be
1.4G materials before a proximate audience in
separated according to size and their designation as salutes. Exception: For electrically fired displays, or displays
This provision shall not apply to unoccupied
where all shells are loaded into mortars prior to the show,
dwellings, buildings and structures with the
there is no requirement for separation of shells according
approval of the building owner and the fire code
to size or their designation as salutes. 3308.5.5 Ready boxes. Display fireworks, 1.3G, that will 3308.4.1 Display site. The radius of the display site for out-
be temporarily stored at the site during the fireworks display
door water or land displays shall be at least 100 foot per inch
shall be stored in ready boxes located upwind and at least 25
(1200 per mm) based on the internal mortar diameter of the
feet (7620 mm) from the mortar placement and separated
according to size and their designation as salutes.
The designated landing areas shall be an approved large,
Exception: For electrically fired fireworks displays, or
clear, open area. Spectators, vehicles and combustible mate-
fireworks displays where all shells are loaded into mor-
rials shall not be allowed within the designated landing area.
tars prior to the show, there is no requirement for separa-
The designated landing area shall not be within 100 feet (30
tion of shells according to size, their designation as
480 mm) of tents and membrane structures. The firing and
salutes or for the use of ready boxes.
storage site shall be located not less than 200 feet (60 960
3308.6 Installation of mortars. Mortars for firing fireworks
mm) from a building, tent or membrane structure.
shells shall be installed in accordance with NFPA 1123 and
When the display is fired from a barge, such barge shall
shall be positioned so that shells are propelled away from spec-
be of noncombustible construction or have a noncombusti-
tators and over the fallout area. Under no circumstances shall
mortars be angled toward the spectator viewing area. Prior toplacement, mortars shall be inspected for defects, such as
When the display is fired from a barge or vessel, a secu-
dents, bent ends, damaged interiors and damaged plugs. Defec-
rity area shall be established around the barge to prevent
boats from entering the area. No boats shall be allowedwithin 200 feet (60 960 mm) of the firing or storage site. A
3308.7 Handling. Aerial shells shall be carried to mortars by
boat shall be on standby to remove personnel from the barge
the shell body. For the purpose of loading mortars, aerial shells
or water in an emergency. All personnel aboard the barge
shall be held by the thick portion of the fuse and carefully
shall have approved flotation devices. 2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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EXPLOSIVES AND FIREWORKS 3308.8 Fireworks display supervision. Whenever in the opin- ion of the fire code official or the operator a hazardous condi- tion exists, the fireworks display shall be discontinued immediately until such time as the dangerous situation is cor- rected. 3308.9 Post-fireworks display inspection. After the fire- works display, the firing crew shall conduct an inspection of the fallout area for the purpose of locating unexploded aerial shells or live components. This inspection shall be conducted before public access to the site shall be allowed. Where fireworks are displayed at night and it is not possible to inspect the site thor- oughly, the operator or designated assistant shall inspect the entire site at first light.
A report identifying any shells that fail to ignite in, or dis-
charge from, a mortar or fail to function over the fallout area orotherwise malfunction, shall be filed with the fire code official. 3308.10 Disposal. Any shells found during the inspection required in Section 3308.9 shall not be handled until at least 15 minutes have elapsed from the time the shells were fired. The fireworks shall then be doused with water and allowed to remain for at least 5 additional minutes before being placed in a plastic bucket or fiberboard box. The disposal instructions of the manufacturer as provided by the fireworks supplier shall then be followed in disposing of the fireworks in accordance with Section 3304.10. SECTION 3309 TEMPORARY STORAGE OF CONSUMER FIREWORKS 3309.1 General. Where the temporary storage of consumer fireworks, 1.4G is allowed by Section 3301.1.3, Exception 4, such storage shall comply with the applicable requirements of NFPA 1124. 2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
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2009 SEATTLE FIRE CODE
M:\data\CODES\STATE CODES\Seattle\2009\Fire_Custom Code\Final VP\33_SeattleFire_2009.vpFriday, November 05, 2010 10:53:21 AM
I first went to see Dr. Chung because my left ear was blocked from a sinus infection. I had tried Western medicine, done 2 rounds of steroids, and gone to an ENT, none of which worked. Dr. Chung saw me for about 4-5 months (once every 2-3 weeks) and finally my ear opened up. (During this time, I also took some herbs prescribed by Dr. Chung to help clean my digestive system and I gave up drinking
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Exelon CEO Says Climate Change Legislation Remains Urgent Issue, Pushes for Price on Carbon John Rowe says cap-and-trade will create incentives for energy efficiency, other less expensive solutions Rowe also uses speech to announce that Exelon will not be renewing its membership in the U.S. Chamber of Commerce due to the organization’s opposition to cl